Glossary¶

Hover over terms in the docs to see short definitions. This page lists terms, acronyms, file types, and product names used in the documentation.

Acronyms & abbreviations¶

Term	Definition
A2DP	Advanced Audio Distribution Profile — Bluetooth stereo audio streaming protocol.
ADC	Analog-to-Digital Converter — converts the slider's voltage to a number (e.g. 0–4095).
API	Application Programming Interface — how code talks to a library or service.
BLE	Bluetooth Low Energy — used for wireless features on the device.
CC0	Creative Commons Zero - a public-domain dedication that allows reuse without the usual copyright restrictions.
CI	Continuous Integration — automated builds (e.g. GitHub Actions compiling WASM).
CMake	Cross-platform build system used to configure the WASM/Emscripten build.
CORS	Cross-Origin Resource Sharing — browser rules that block loading WASM from `file://` URLs.
CSS	Cascading Style Sheets — used to style the emulator (LEDs, layout).
DOM	Document Object Model — the browser's representation of the page (buttons, canvas).
ESP32	Espressif's 32-bit microcontroller — the main chip on Cyber Fidget hardware.
FPS	Frames Per Second — the emulator runs at 50 FPS like the real device.
FreeRTOS	Free Real-Time Operating System — the RTOS layer used by ESP-IDF under the hood.
GPIO	General-Purpose Input/Output — physical pins used for buttons, etc.
HAL	Hardware Abstraction Layer — the layer that swaps ESP32 drivers for browser equivalents in the emulator.
I2C	Inter-Integrated Circuit — serial bus used for the OLED, accelerometer, and fuel gauge.
I2S	Inter-IC Sound — digital audio bus used for the speaker amplifier and MEMS microphone.
IDE	Integrated Development Environment — e.g. the App Builder on the website.
GPU	Graphics Processing Unit — when the phone's browser exposes it, the companion transcribes speech much faster.
IndexedDB	Browser storage used to cache compiled WASM and the phone companion's one-time transcription download.
JS	JavaScript.
JSON	JavaScript Object Notation - a structured text format for storing data.
LED	Light-Emitting Diode.
LiPo	Lithium Polymer — rechargeable battery type used in Cyber Fidget (400 mAh).
Li-ion	Lithium-ion — a family of rechargeable battery chemistries.
MCU	Microcontroller Unit — the processor that controls an embedded device.
MEMS	Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems — miniaturized sensor technology used in the ICS-43434 microphone.
ms	Millisecond - one thousandth of a second.
NeoPixel	Adafruit's addressable RGB(W) LED product line; firmware uses a shim that matches its API.
OLED	Organic Light-Emitting Diode — the 128×64 pixel display on Cyber Fidget.
OTA	Over-The-Air — firmware updates delivered wirelessly.
PCB	Printed Circuit Board.
PCM	Pulse-Code Modulation — uncompressed digital audio stored as raw samples.
PSRAM	Pseudo-Static RAM — extra fast memory on the ESP32 module, used to buffer audio while recording.
RGBW	Red, Green, Blue, White — four-channel LED color.
RS-232	Recommended Standard 232 — a serial communication standard.
SD	Secure Digital — the micro-SD card slot.
SPI	Serial Peripheral Interface — serial bus used for the SD card.
SPP	Serial Port Profile — Bluetooth serial data streaming protocol.
SSD1306	The display controller chip used in the Cyber Fidget OLED.
USB	Universal Serial Bus — used for charging and serial communication via USB-C.
USB-C	USB Type-C — the reversible connector used for charging and serial communication.
UVLO	Under-voltage lockout - a protective shutdown that stops the device from draining its battery below a safe level.
VU	Volume Unit — a level meter showing how loud the microphone is hearing you (used by the Voice Notes recorder).
WASM	WebAssembly — binary format that runs in the browser; the emulator runs C++ apps as WASM.
WAV	Waveform Audio File — uncompressed audio format; plays on nearly any phone or computer with no special software. Voice Notes recordings are saved as WAV.
WebAssembly	Binary instruction format for the web; the emulator compiles C++ to WASM.
WebSocket	A persistent two-way connection between a browser page and a server — the phone companion's live caption link to the device.
Wi-Fi	Wireless Fidelity — used for OTA and network features.
mDNS	Multicast DNS — the local-network name service that makes `cyberfidget.local` resolve without any router configuration.
microSD	Compact removable Secure Digital memory-card format.

Studio terms¶

Term	Meaning
Animation state	A named sequence of sprite frames for one action, such as running or jumping.
Asset	A sprite or model that can be used in a Studio project.
Built app	The runnable copy produced when Studio builds an app.
Capture	An item stored in a Studio project's captures.
Companion page	The phone companion's web page, built into firmware and optionally overridden from the memory card.
Internal storage	Storage built into the Cyber Fidget where apps live.
Project	A person's Studio work, including its code, art, captures, and settings.
Project file	A `.cfapp.json` file containing a whole Studio project.
Sprite	An image or animation used by an app for a character, object, or effect.
Wireframe model	A 3D shape built from points (nodes) connected by straight lines (struts), with no solid surfaces -- drawn as spinning line art on the device.
Node	A point in a wireframe model's shape, positioned in 3D space.
Strut	A straight line connecting two nodes in a wireframe model.

Website terms¶

Term	Meaning
The Archives	The shared collection of apps, screensavers, and sprite packs at cyberfidget.com/explore.
Share sheet	The list of apps your phone offers when you send something on to someone else.

File types & artifacts¶

Term	Meaning
.cfapp.json	Studio whole-project file containing code, sprites, models, captures, and settings.
.cfmesh.json	Studio file containing one model.
.cfsprite.json	Studio file containing one sprite.
.cpp	C++ source file (implementation).
.h	C/C++ header file (declarations).
.js	JavaScript file — the Emscripten "loader" that loads and runs the WASM module.
.wasm	WebAssembly binary — the compiled app.
.wav	Waveform audio file — the uncompressed recordings made by the Voice Notes app.
.yml / .yaml	YAML config — e.g. GitHub Actions workflow or MkDocs config.

Products & projects¶

Term	Meaning
Adafruit	Maker electronics company; NeoPixel and many Arduino libraries.
AP2112K	Diodes Inc. 3.3V LDO regulator — used for main logic, OLED, and LED power rails.
CircuitPython	Adafruit's Python runtime for microcontrollers. Hardware support designed-in but currently untested on Cyber Fidget.
CP2102N	Silicon Labs USB-to-UART bridge chip — provides the serial connection over USB-C.
Cyber Fidget	The physical device and ecosystem (hardware, firmware, website, docs).
Emscripten	Toolchain that compiles C/C++ to WebAssembly and JavaScript.
GitHub Actions	CI/CD platform used to compile WASM on your fork.
ICS-43434	InvenSense/TDK I2S MEMS microphone used in Cyber Fidget.
LIS2DH12	STMicroelectronics 3-axis digital accelerometer used in Cyber Fidget.
MAX17048	Analog Devices/Maxim fuel gauge IC for LiPo battery state-of-charge monitoring.
MAX98357A	Analog Devices/Maxim I2S Class-D amplifier driving the on-board speaker.
MCP73831	Microchip single-cell LiPo charge management controller.
pioarduino	Community-maintained PlatformIO platform fork for ESP32 (ESP-IDF 5.1.4 + Arduino ESP32 3.0.3).
PlatformIO	IDE and build system for embedded development; recommended for Cyber Fidget via the pioarduino fork.
SK6812	Individually addressable RGBW LED (NeoPixel-compatible) — four are used in Cyber Fidget.
ThingPulse	Source of the OLED font data used in the WASM shim.

Emulator-specific¶

Term	Meaning
Bridge	`wasm_bridge.js` — glue between the WASM module and the on-screen emulator.
Shim	A stub header (e.g. `Arduino.h`, `SSD1306Wire.h`) that replaces real hardware libraries so the same app code compiles for the browser.
Serial Monitor	The panel in the App Builder that shows `Serial.println()` output from the running app.